My scientific journey began with a Ph.D. at the Institute for Structural Biology (IBS, Grenoble, FR, 2000–2003), where I mapped the first cellular localization of Penicillin-Binding Proteins in the human pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae and elucidating the structure of the cell wall hydrolase DacA. For my first postdoctoral position (2004–2007), I joined the Grenoble EMBL outstation, shifting my focus to human biology. There, I characterized the structure of a protein complex critical for neuron development, broadening my expertise in structural biology. My second postdoctoral experience (2007–2010) took me to Harvard Medical School (HMS, Boston, USA), where I investigated the function of two macromolecular complexes embedded in the Bacillus subtilis spore envelope, essential for spore development. In 2010, I was recruited as a CNRS Researcher at IBS (Grenoble, FR), where I now lead a research group dedicated to deciphering the molecular mechanisms underlying the bacterial cell envelope. We employ a multidisciplinary approach, integrating microbial genetics, biochemistry, enzymatic assays, structural biology, and advanced imaging techniques—including super-resolution fluorescence microscopy and in situ cryo-FIB-electron tomography—to study the assembly and architecture of the cell wall in human pathogens (S. pneumoniae, E. faecium, P. aeruginosa), as well as related antibiotic mode of action and resistance mechanisms. In parallel, we investigate the assembly and architecture of the spore envelope in B. subtilis, which confers the spore’s remarkable resistance properties.